Python Tic Tac Toe Lesson

Tic-Tac-Toe with Python

In this lesson, we will break down a simple Tic-Tac-Toe game implemented in Python. We will use Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts such as classes, inheritance, and methods.

1. The Player Class

class Player:
    def __init__(self, name, symbol):
        self.name = name
        self.symbol = symbol

• Each player has a name and a symbol (X or O).
• The __init__ method is called the constructor, and it initializes the object.

2. The EnhancedPlayer Class (Inheritance)

class EnhancedPlayer(Player):
    def __init__(self, name, symbol):
        super().__init__(name, symbol)
        self.wins = 0

    def add_win(self):
        self.wins += 1
        print(f"{self.name} now has {self.wins} wins!")

• This class inherits from Player using super().
• We added a new attribute wins to track how many games a player has won.

3. The Board Class

class Board:
    def __init__(self):
        self.grid = [" "] * 9
        self.move_count = 0

    def display(self):
        print("\n")
        print(" " + self.grid[0] + " | " + self.grid[1] + " | " + self.grid[2])
        print("---+---+---")
        print(" " + self.grid[3] + " | " + self.grid[4] + " | " + self.grid[5])
        print("---+---+---")
        print(" " + self.grid[6] + " | " + self.grid[7] + " | " + self.grid[8])
        print("\n")

• The board is represented by a list of 9 spaces.
• The display() method prints the current board.
• Other methods (not shown here yet) include resetting the board, checking if it’s full, and validating moves.

4. The TicTacToe Class (Game Logic)

class TicTacToe:
    def __init__(self, player1, player2):
        self.board = Board()
        self.players = [player1, player2]
        self.current_player = player1
        self.game_over = False

    def switch_player(self):
        self.current_player = (
            self.players[1] if self.current_player == self.players[0] else self.players[0]
        )
        print(f"Now it's {self.current_player.name}'s turn!")

• This class controls the game.
• It keeps track of the board, players, whose turn it is, and whether the game has ended.
• The switch_player method changes the turn.

5. Running the Game

print("=== Welcome to Tic-Tac-Toe ===")
p1_name = input("Enter name for Player 1: ")
p2_name = input("Enter name for Player 2: ")
player1 = EnhancedPlayer(p1_name, "X")
player2 = EnhancedPlayer(p2_name, "O")
game = TicTacToe(player1, player2)
game.play()

• At the end, we create two players and start the game.
• The players take turns until someone wins or the game ends in a tie.

6. Board Size

class Board:
    def __init__(self, size=3):
        self.size = size
        self.grid = [" "] * (size * size)  # Creates the board cells
        self.move_count = 0
        self.move_history = []

• Initializes the board grid with the correct number of empty spaces based on the chosen size.

• Sets up tracking variables like move_count and move_history for gameplay.

• Hack 1

Try to change the board size

• Hack 2

Chnage the amoount of maekings need in a row to win the round